S. J. Wang and W. G. Song (2016) Experimental Study of Ant Movement in a Straight Passageway under Stress Conditions. Journal/Journal Of Insect Behavior 29 735-743. [In English]
Web link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10905-016-9593-x
Keywords: Ant; Experiment; Evacuation; Insect behavior; Fundamental diagram; Traffic; TRAFFIC ORGANIZATION; CROWDED CONDITIONS; ESCAPING ANTS; BEHAVIORS; FASTER; SPEED; FLOW

Abstract: In the present study, we investigated whether single-file traffic of the ant Camponotus japonicus would exhibit a transition to traffic-jamming with increasing density under stress conditions. Previous work indicated that this transition did not occur in non-stressed ants, in contrast to data from pedestrians and vehicular traffic. Citronella oil was used to elicit ant movement from one end of a unidirectional passage to the other. The movements were recorded with a video camera, and the speed and distance travelled were extracted using image processing. We provided fundamental diagrams of ant traffic for small and large ants under stress conditions. Examination of the relationship between flow rate and density revealed no evidence of jamming, different from pedestrian and vehicular traffic. Concerning the speed-density relationship, surprisingly, in contrast with human fundamental diagrams (vehicular and pedestrian), we found that speed seemed to be constant with density within the experimental error. This study provided novel experimental data on ant traffic and might inform future studies of collective behavior of social insects and traffic systems.